{"id":2195,"date":"2022-05-17T10:58:03","date_gmt":"2022-05-17T08:58:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/?p=2195"},"modified":"2022-09-19T14:44:46","modified_gmt":"2022-09-19T12:44:46","slug":"zurawi-hds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/publikacje\/zurawi-hds\/","title":{"rendered":"Types and characteristics of HDS cranes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/oso-0039-oso-230_5_1_mobile_crane_300dpi.5cb486726d162.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2198\" src=\"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/oso-0039-oso-230_5_1_mobile_crane_300dpi.5cb486726d162-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"HDS crane\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" srcset=\"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/oso-0039-oso-230_5_1_mobile_crane_300dpi.5cb486726d162-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/oso-0039-oso-230_5_1_mobile_crane_300dpi.5cb486726d162-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/oso-0039-oso-230_5_1_mobile_crane_300dpi.5cb486726d162-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/oso-0039-oso-230_5_1_mobile_crane_300dpi.5cb486726d162-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/oso-0039-oso-230_5_1_mobile_crane_300dpi.5cb486726d162-624x351.jpg 624w, https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/oso-0039-oso-230_5_1_mobile_crane_300dpi.5cb486726d162.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a>The hydraulic loader crane is an advanced crane adapted to loading and unloading goods. Its compact design and mechanical drive mean that it can reach a place inaccessible to other cranes. There are general purpose HDSs; transhipment, which are mounted on the rear of the vehicle or semi-trailer, and those with a rigid structure mounted on the chassis.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Application of hydraulic cranes<\/h2>\n<h3>HDS is widely used in reloading work in many situations, for example:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>on small construction sites where the use of heavy equipment is impossible;<\/li>\n<li>for loading, transporting and unloading construction materials, such as paving stones, bricks, hollow bricks, roof tiles, sheets, etc.;<\/li>\n<li>for transporting building materials to higher storeys;<\/li>\n<li>for the transport and unloading of containers;<\/li>\n<li>in forestry for the export of timber;<\/li>\n<li>for stacking containers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"filmw\">\n<div class=\"responsive-youtube\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/oQV30kgEWQI\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>How to choose a crane for the industry and the type of tasks to be performed?<\/h2>\n<p>As the cranes are mounted on various types of chassis and have different reach, design and lifting capacity, the specific type of HDS used in a given industry area prevails. Examples of the use of cranes in specific sectors:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>in the construction industry - medium and large cranes used to transport containers and bulky materials, classic L-type machines prevail;<\/li>\n<li>in roadside assistance - they are found more and more often, in most cases these are T-type cranes;<\/li>\n<li>in scrap yards - Z devices used for recycling works, which are equipped with a scrap gripper;<\/li>\n<li>in the municipal sector - mounted on hook lifts and garbage trucks, equipped with container openers;<\/li>\n<li>in energy works - electricians most often use truck cranes, currently mobile cranes in the range of 35-95 tons are mainly used.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Construction of an HDS crane<\/h2>\n<h3>Lifts of this type are constructed of fixed and variable parts. The most important solid parts are:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>stabilizing supports - placed on each side to balance the weight of the crane;<\/li>\n<li>crane base - the crane is mounted on it, it does not change despite the enormous loads it is subjected to;<\/li>\n<li>crane column - the vertical part connecting the platform with the hoist, sometimes in a telescopic arrangement, which speeds up the work;<\/li>\n<li>boom - a moving part that carries loads.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Variable elements adapted to the type of work:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>hydraulic system - most new machines are already based on hydraulic cylinders, thanks to them the work is faster and more precise;<\/li>\n<li>grapple - useful especially when transporting loads with irregular shapes, e.g. wood;<\/li>\n<li>hook - the most frequently used variable part, used for transporting very heavy goods.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>The slings, ropes and hooks used in HDS<\/h2>\n<p>In order to manipulate loads, various types of interchangeable elements are used, such as:<\/p>\n<p>Ropes - needed when using a crane with a winch;<\/p>\n<p>Slings - auxiliary equipment, which includes steel ropes, fiber ropes, chains or tapes;<\/p>\n<p>Hooks - working accessories included in the loading crane.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Maintenance of a hydraulic truck crane<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/EXC_EC200D_T3_APAC_2_222033.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2197\" src=\"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/EXC_EC200D_T3_APAC_2_222033-300x166.jpg\" alt=\"maintenance of HDS cranes\" width=\"400\" height=\"221\" srcset=\"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/EXC_EC200D_T3_APAC_2_222033-300x166.jpg 300w, https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/EXC_EC200D_T3_APAC_2_222033-768x424.jpg 768w, https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/EXC_EC200D_T3_APAC_2_222033-624x344.jpg 624w, https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/EXC_EC200D_T3_APAC_2_222033.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a>Maintenance of the HDS should take place within the time limits specified in the device&#039;s operating manual. Regularly check the technical condition of the drive mechanisms, braking systems and load-bearing tendons with their fastenings. The load-bearing structure and fire protection systems should be checked once a year. It is important to check the controls, signaling devices, lighting and movement limiters. Regularity in carrying out inspections will allow you to avoid both faults and accidents.<\/p>\n<p>The inspector of the Office of Technical Inspection performs supervision over the device maintenance log, the revision book and the qualifications of operators and maintenance technicians.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Entitlements<\/h2>\n<p>In order to operate hydraulic truck cranes, it is necessary to have the relevant qualifications, which can only be obtained after passing the relevant course and a state examination organised by the UDT.<\/p>\n<p>A person who wants to qualify as an HDS operator must be at least 18 years of age, have a minimum basic education and no health contraindications to perform this type of work. In the case of foreigners, knowledge of the Polish language or certification of a sworn translator is expected. An additional advantage will be a category C driving license.<\/p>\n<p>A positive result of the UDT exam results in obtaining a qualification certificate, which entitles to service portable and mobile cranes for 10 years.<\/p>\n<p>If you want to work abroad, most employers accept the qualifications obtained in Poland, but the final decision on employment rests with the owner of the enterprise.<\/p>\n<h2>What does crane operator training look like?<\/h2>\n<p>The training of the operator of portable and mobile cranes includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>construction and equipment of cranes<\/li>\n<li>knowledge of security operation<\/li>\n<li>operation and knowledge of the operating instructions<\/li>\n<li>knowledge of the operator&#039;s duties before, during and after work on the device<\/li>\n<li>selection of variable parts depending on the work performed<\/li>\n<li>estimating the center of gravity of a load based on its weight and size<\/li>\n<li>knowledge of health and safety regulations<\/li>\n<li>providing first aid in the event of an accident<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Operator responsibilities before, after and during operation<\/h2>\n<p>The person operating the hydraulic hoist should read the technical documentation of the crane (operator&#039;s manual, certificate of approval and maintenance book - the lack of one of these documents makes it impossible to start work).<\/p>\n<h3>You should remember to carry out a visual inspection, that is:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\">tank tightness control,<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\">examining the operation of hydraulic locks, security and blockades,<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\">checking the protrusion of the supports.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Any irregularity must be reported to your supervisor.<\/p>\n<h3>During the work, the operator is responsible for:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>visual inspection of the area and determination of the crane&#039;s range<\/li>\n<li>preparation of the device<\/li>\n<li>checking the permissible load of HDS<\/li>\n<li>proper hooking of the load and its securing<\/li>\n<li>constant control of transported materials and the crane<\/li>\n<li>immediate response in the event of irregularities or failures<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>After completing work on the HDS crane, the operator should:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>assemble the equipment in such a way that it is ready for transport<\/li>\n<li>fold the supports and secure them<\/li>\n<li>check that the transported materials do not pose a threat<\/li>\n<li>put the equipment in the garage<\/li>\n<li>secure the device so that people without UDT authorization cannot use it<\/li>\n<li>submit the crane&#039;s documents to the supervisor or an authorized person<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Activities prohibited in working with HDSs<\/h2>\n<p>To avoid accidents involving people or damage to the load and device, do not:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>use the crane without valid tests to be approved for use (by the UDT inspector)<\/li>\n<li>transport loads with unknown parameters<\/li>\n<li>carry the load without first making sure that it is not attached to the ground<\/li>\n<li>work without unfolded supports<\/li>\n<li>use the device in difficult weather conditions<\/li>\n<li>work near hazards, e.g. high voltage lines or on unstable ground<\/li>\n<li>move loads over people and their workstations<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hydrauliczny \u017curaw prze\u0142adunkowy to zaawansowany d\u017awig dostosowany do za\u0142adunku i roz\u0142adunku towar\u00f3w. Jego kompaktowa budowa oraz nap\u0119d mechaniczny powoduj\u0105, \u017ce mo\u017ce dotrze\u0107 w miejsce niedost\u0119pne dla innych d\u017awig\u00f3w. Wyr\u00f3\u017cniamy HDS-y og\u00f3lnego zastosowania; prze\u0142adunkowe, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 zamontowane na tylnej cz\u0119\u015bci pojazdu lub naczepy oraz te ze sztywno zamontowan\u0105 konstrukcj\u0105 na podwoziu. &nbsp; Zastosowanie d\u017awignic hydraulicznych HDS jest powszechnie wykorzystywany w pracach prze\u0142adunkowych w wielu sytuacjach, na przyk\u0142ad: na niewielkich budowach, gdzie u\u017cycie ci\u0119\u017ckiego sprz\u0119tu jest niemo\u017cliwe; do za\u0142adunku, przewozu i roz\u0142adunku materia\u0142\u00f3w budowlanych, takich jak kostka brukowa, ceg\u0142y, pustaki, dach\u00f3wki, blachy itp.; do transportu surowc\u00f3w budowlanych na wy\u017csze kondygnacje; do przewozu i roz\u0142adunku kontener\u00f3w; w le\u015bnictwie do wywozu drewna; w celu pi\u0119trowania kontener\u00f3w. Jak dobra\u0107 d\u017awig do bran\u017cy i rodzaju zada\u0144 do wykonania? Poniewa\u017c \u017curawie montowane s\u0105 na r\u00f3\u017cnego rodzaju podwoziach oraz maj\u0105 zr\u00f3\u017cnicowany zasi\u0119g, konstrukcj\u0119 i ud\u017awig, w danej dziedzinie przemys\u0142u przewa\u017ca okre\u015blony typ u\u017cywanych HDS-\u00f3w. Przyk\u0142ady wykorzystania d\u017awignic w konkretnych sektorach: w bran\u017cy budowlanej \u2013 \u015brednie i du\u017ce \u017curawie, kt\u00f3rymi transportuje si\u0119 kontenery i materia\u0142y gabarytowe, przewa\u017caj\u0105 klasyczne maszyny typu L; w pomocy drogowej \u2013 spotykane coraz cz\u0119\u015bciej, w wi\u0119kszo\u015bci przypadk\u00f3w s\u0105 to \u017curawie o konstrukcji typu T; na z\u0142omowiskach \u2013 wykorzystywane przy pracach recyklingowych urz\u0105dzenia typu Z, kt\u00f3re wyposa\u017cone s\u0105 w chwytak do z\u0142omu; w bran\u017cy komunalnej \u2013 montowane na hakowcach i \u015bmieciarkach, wyposa\u017cone s\u0105 w otwieracze do kontener\u00f3w; w pracach energetycznych \u2013 elektrycy najcz\u0119\u015bciej korzystaj\u0105 z \u017curawi samochodowych, aktualnie wykorzystuje si\u0119 przede wszystkim \u017curawie samojezdne w przedziale 35-95 ton. &nbsp; Budowa \u017curawia HDS D\u017awigi tego typu skonstruowane s\u0105 z cz\u0119\u015bci sta\u0142ych i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2198,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sfsi_plus_gutenberg_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_show_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_type":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_alignemt":"","sfsi_plus_gutenburg_max_per_row":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2195","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publikacjee","has_thumb"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2195","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2195"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2195\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2479,"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2195\/revisions\/2479"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2195"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2195"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/odk-ergon.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2195"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}